Study on the stability of suspensions based on biomimetic apatites aimed at biomedical applications

Abstract

Nanobiotechnologies have lately attracted much attention, both from therapeutic and diagnosis perspectives. In this view, the development of colloidal formulations of biocompatible nanoparticles capable of interacting with selected cells or tissues raises a particular interest, especially in linkwith cell-based pathologies such as cancer. In this context, the follow-up of colloidal stability and other physico-chemical features is of foremost relevance. In this contribution, we have focused our study on hybrid colloids based on biomimetic nanocrystalline apatites (analogous to those found in bone mineral) stabilized by adsorption of 2 aminoethylphosphate (AEP) molecules; these nanoparticles being intended to interact with cancer cells either for medical imaging (by conferring luminescence features to the apatite phase) or for therapeutic purposes. We show that various physico-chemical characteristics of the suspensions vary with time, including viscosity and mean particle size, suggesting a progressive structuration of the suspensions. Similar modifications were also noticed during the purification by dialysis. Finally,we report on preliminary experiments aimed at drying the colloids while retaining their capacity to recover their initial state after re-immersion in aqueous medium; so as to enable extended storage periods for the nanoparticles in their dry state while allowing their re-suspension at the time of use. On this matter, the addition of glucose prior to freeze-drying was found to be an effective way to avoid the formation of aggregates during drying. This contribution thus confers additional information relative to the stability of AEP-stabilized biomimetic.